Ashoka is counted not only in India but among the great emperors of the world. He is often compared to the Roman Smart Constantine, Solomon of Israel, and the great Mughal emperor Akbar. In fact, none of these devotions alone can equate to Ashoka, as he was a great priest of humanity and had established an ideal social society. Sundar Ashoka has made his name forever in the history of Mauryan period by his works.
// Early life of ashoka//
1.Birth and parents...
There is a difference of opinion among historians about the birth of Ashoka. KP Jaiswal is of the view that he was born 25 years before Rajatilaka i.e. 294 BC. Dr. RK Mukherjee tells the date 304 BC. While Dr. Sri Ram Goyal was born about 300 BCE. Ashoka was the son of Bindusar and grandson of Chandragupta Maurya. Historians differ about his mother. His mother's name was Subhadragi in a book called Divyavadana. Who was the beautiful daughter of a Brahmin of Champa. His mother's name has been given to Dhamma in the Mahabodhi dynasty. Dr. Romila Thapar is of the view that her mother was much more a Greek princess. This difference suggests that. Historians have not yet been able to find out the exact name of Ashoka's mother.
2.Ashoka was known by different names...
Different names are found in Ashoka's Puranas, Buddhist texts and inscriptions. The Puranas have called him Ashoka Vardhan. In Buddhist texts he is addressed by the names of Priyadarshi and Priyadarshan. He has been called Ashoka only in the records of the month and Gurjar. It appears that. Ashoka was his real name and Priyadarshi, Priyadarshan was his title.
3.Ashok's life as a prince...
Bindusara, who was Ashoka's father, Bindusara, like his other sons, managed Ashoka's education well. From the beginning, Ashoka was more proficient than his other brothers in reading, writing and wielding weapons. Impressed by his ability and talent, Bindusara appointed Ashoka as the governor of Ujjain when he was young. After some time the people revolted in Taxila. At that time, Ashok's elder brother Susim was the prince there in Taxila. He failed to crush this rebellion. So Bindusara sent Ashoka to suppress the rebellion there. Ashoka succeeded in suppressing the rebellion there and establishing peace. Therefore, Ashoka was appointed the governor of Taxila.
4.Ashok's marriage...
Ashoka had done many marriages. Buddhist texts and inscriptions reveal the names of his 5 wives. His names were ---- Mahadevi, Asandhmitra,Tishirakshita, Padmavati Katha Karuvaki. Over time, Ashoka had four sons, Mahindra, Teewar, Krunal and Jalok, and two daughters Sanghamitra and Charumati.
5.State consecration of Ashoka...
Bindusara who was Ashoka's father. He died in 273 BC, but Ashoka's coronation took place in 269 BC. According to KP Jaiswal, this happened to you in Ashoka's state conscience. Because at that time he was only 21 years old. Whereas according to the prevailing rules, he could not wear a Rajmukut before 25 years.
//Kalinga war fought by Ashoka//
The war of Kalinga was the first and last battle of Ashoka's life. Jai was fought in 261 BCE, so the bridegroom only ushered Ashoka's life into a new era in Indian history.
The following reasons were responsible for the Kalinga war. Like -
Security of Magadha, imperialist policy, direct contact with South India, for the attainment of elephants and suppression of Naga caste.
//Kalinga war incident//
Ashoka attacked Kalinga with a huge army on 26th BC, 8th year of his reign. At that time, who was the ruler of Kalinga and how he faced Ashoka's army, we have no definite information about this subject. is. It is important that this war on both sides was terrible. More than 100,000 people were killed in this war and close to one and a half lakh people were taken captive. Many times more people were injured. In this war, Ashoka eventually won and Kalinga was included in the Maurya Empire.
After the conquest of Kalinga, the empire of Ashoka grew. The expansion of Ashoka's empire can be known by the locations of his records. The places from which these records are received were undoubtedly under Ashoka's empire. We have received such records from places like Afghanistan, Pakistan, Nepal and Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Orissa, Rajasthan, Karnataka and Bihar in India. It is also said that Kashmir was also a part of the Mauryan Empire where Ashoka established a city called Srinagar. Based on these facts, it can be said that. Ashoka's empire spread from the Himalayan Mountains in the north, to present-day Karnataka in the south, from the Bay of Bengal in the east to the Arabian Sea in the west and to the Hindukush Mountains in the northwest.
// Death of ashoka //
The decline of the Maurya Empire began with the death of Ashoka in 232 BC. The main reason for this was that. All the successors of Ashoka turned out to be inept and worthless. Unable to bear the burden of the vast Mauryan Empire. In relation to the officers of Ashoka's son, we do not find reliable material due to lack of historical sources.
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